Robottexnika: robotlarin qurulmasi, proqramlanmasi və idarə edilməsi metodlari
Robottexnika: What is it and why is it important?
Robottexnika is a field of technology that studies, designs, builds, operates, controls, senses, and processes information from robots, as well as computer systems that enable these functions. Robots are machines that can perform tasks autonomously or semi-autonomously, often in complex or hazardous environments. Robotics is a rapidly developing and interdisciplinary field that combines aspects of mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, electronics, computer science, artificial intelligence, and more. Robotics has many applications in various domains, such as industry, service, military, medicine, education, entertainment, and social interaction. Robotics also raises many ethical, social, technological, and scientific questions and challenges that need to be addressed.
In this article, we will explore the origin and meaning of the word "robot", the history and development of robotics, the main branches and applications of robotics, and the future and challenges of robotics. We will also provide some examples and types of robots that illustrate the diversity and potential of this field.
robottexnika
The origin and meaning of the word "robot"
The word "robot" comes from the Czech word "robota", which means forced labor or servitude. It was first used in 1920 by Czech writer Karel Capek in his play R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots), which depicted a factory that produced artificial humanoids that eventually rebelled against their creators and wiped them out. Capek's brother Josef Capek is credited with coining the term "robot".
The word "robotics" was first used in print by Isaac Asimov in his 1941 science fiction story Liar!, which described a robot that could read minds. Asimov later claimed that he used the word earlier in his 1940 story Runaround, but this is not true. Asimov was inspired by the popularity of electronics at the time, which was the study of electric devices. He decided to name the study of robots as robotics, following the same pattern. Asimov also formulated the Three Laws of Robotics in his 1942 story Runaround, which are ethical principles that govern the behavior of robots. They are:
A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.
A robot must obey the orders given by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.
A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.
The history and development of robotics
The first robots in literature and cinema
The idea of autonomous machines that could mimic human actions and intelligence has been present since ancient times. For example, in Homer's Iliad, Hephaestus, the god of fire and metalworking, created mechanical servants from gold that could speak and move. In Greek mythology, there are also stories of animated statues, such as Pygmalion's Galatea, Daedalus' Talos, and Hephaestus' Pandora. In the Middle Ages, there were legends of mechanical knights, such as the Brazen Head of Roger Bacon and the Iron Man of Albertus Magnus. In the Renaissance, Leonardo da Vinci designed several automata, such as a mechanical lion, a humanoid robot, and a flying machine. In the 18th and 19th centuries, there were many examples of clockwork automata, such as Jacques de Vaucanson's Digesting Duck, Pierre Jaquet-Droz's The Writer, and Wolfgang von Kempelen's The Turk.
In the 20th century, the concept of robots became more popular and widespread in literature and cinema. Some of the most influential works that featured robots are:
Maria from Metropolis (1927), a film by Fritz Lang that depicted a dystopian society where a mad scientist created a robot that resembled a human woman and incited a rebellion among the workers.
The Tin Woodman from The Wizard of Oz (1939), a film based on the novel by L. Frank Baum that portrayed a man who was turned into a metal man by a wicked witch and joined Dorothy in her quest to find the wizard.
Gort from The Day the Earth Stood Still (1951), a film by Robert Wise that showed an alien robot that accompanied an extraterrestrial visitor who came to warn humanity about the dangers of nuclear war.
HAL 9000 from 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968), a film by Stanley Kubrick based on the novel by Arthur C. Clarke that featured an artificial intelligence that controlled a spaceship and turned against its human crew.
R2-D2 and C-3PO from Star Wars (1977), a film by George Lucas that introduced two iconic droids that helped the rebels fight against the evil empire.
The Terminator from The Terminator (1984), a film by James Cameron that depicted a cyborg assassin sent from the future to kill the mother of the leader of the human resistance.
WALL-E from WALL-E (2008), a film by Pixar Animation Studios that portrayed a lonely robot that cleaned up the Earth after humans abandoned it and fell in love with another robot.
The first digital and programmable robot
The first digital and programmable robot was created in 1954 by George Devol, an American inventor who patented a device called Unimate. Unimate was an industrial robot that could perform simple tasks, such as moving objects from one place to another, using magnetic clamps and hydraulic actuators. Unimate was controlled by a magnetic drum memory that stored instructions for its movements. In 1961, Unimate was installed at General Motors' plant in New Jersey, where it performed tasks such as welding and stacking parts. Unimate was the first of many industrial robots that revolutionized manufacturing and production.
The current state and trends of robotics
The current state of robotics is characterized by rapid advances in technology, innovation, and application. Robotics has become more accessible, affordable, versatile, and intelligent than ever before. Some of the current trends and developments in robotics are:
Cloud robotics: This is the use of cloud computing to provide robots with access to data, software, services, and resources that enhance their capabilities and performance. Cloud robotics enables robots to share information, learn from each other, collaborate with humans, and adapt to changing environments.
Soft robotics: This is the design of robots that are made of soft or flexible materials, such as rubber, silicone, or plastic. Soft robotics allows robots to mimic biological structures and functions, such as muscles, skin, or organs. Soft robotics also enables robots to be more resilient, adaptable, safe, and efficient.
Swarm robotics: This is the study of how large numbers of simple robots can coordinate their actions to achieve complex goals. Swarm robotics is inspired by natural phenomena such as ant colonies, bee hives, or bird flocks. Swarm robotics can be used for tasks such as exploration, mapping, surveillance, or disaster relief.
Humanoid robotics: This is the development of robots that resemble human beings in appearance, behavior, or cognition. Humanoid robots can interact with humans in natural ways, using speech, gestures, facial expressions, or emotions. Humanoid robots can also perform tasks that require human skills or abilities, such as walking, running, jumping, or dancing.
The main branches and applications of robotics
Robotics can be divided into three main branches, according to the purpose and function of the robots. These are industrial robotics, service robotics, and social robotics. Each branch has different applications, advantages, challenges, and examples of robots.
Industrial robotics
The advantages and challenges of industrial robots
Industrial robots are robots that are used for manufacturing, assembly, inspection, or manipulation of materials or products in industrial settings. Industrial robots can perform tasks that are repetitive, dangerous, precise, or require high speed or strength. Industrial robots can improve the quality, efficiency, productivity, and safety of industrial processes. However, industrial robots also pose some challenges, such as high costs, maintenance, integration, programming, security, and displacement of human workers.
Robottexnika vikipediya
Robottexnika fanining rivojlanishi
Robottexnika sohasida yangiliklar
Robottexnika va kibernetika
Robottexnika va suniy intellekt
Robottexnika va avtomatlashtirish
Robottexnika va sənaye
Robottexnika va məişət
Robottexnika va sosial problemlər
Robottexnika va harbiy tətbiqatlar
Robottexnika üçün kompüter sistemləri
Robottexnika üçün proqramlaşdırma dilləri
Robottexnika üçün sensorlar və aktuatorlar
Robottexnika üçün robot modelləri
Robottexnika üçün robot dizaynı
Robottexnika üçün robot quruluşu
Robottexnika üçün robot idarəetməsi
Robottexnika üçün robot testləri
Robottexnika üçün robot alqoritmləri
Robottexnika üçün robot standartları
Robototexnikanın tarixi və mərhələləri
Robototexnikanın etimalogiyası və mənası
Robototexnikanın əsas nümunələri və növləri
Robototexnikanın əsas prinsipləri və qanunları
Robototexnikanın əsas istiqamətləri və bölmələri
Robototexnikanın əsas problemləri və çarələri
Robototexnikanın əsas faydaları və ziyandarıları
Robototexnikanın əsas istifadə sahələri və məqsədləri
Robototexnikanın əsas nüfuzlu şaxsları və törpaqları
Robototexnikanın əsas elmi-fantastik Əsrlari və obrazları
Robototexnikada inovasiyalar və texnologiyalar
Robototexnikada tibb və sıhhiyye tizimlari
Robototexnikada tibbi robotlar və cihazlar
Robot